Background To assess corneal endothelial cell changes after intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant (Ozurdex?) injection in patients with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO). vein occlusion (CRVO) and 17 (77.3%) patients with branch retinal vein occlussion (BRVO). Twenty-two eyes of 22 healthful volunteers BMS-650032 price offered as control group. There have been 14 females and 8 men. Mean age group of the individuals was 60.9 (range: 40C75) years. There have been 14 phakic and 8 pseudophakic individuals. There is no factor with regards to gender and age group between research BMS-650032 price and control organizations (valueEndothelial cell denseness, Coefficient of variant of cell size, Percentage of Central and hexagonality corneal width by corneal specular microscopy. * displays statistical difference between control and injected eye, ** displays statistical difference between control and uninjected fellow eye Mean BCVA was 0.99??0.75 logMAR (range: 0.20C2.20) and mean foveal width was 462.4??96.1?m (range: 306C600) before intravitreal dexamethasone implant shot. Argon laser skin treatment was put on peripheral retina in 4 individuals. 90 days after intravitreal DEX implant, mean BCVA was risen to 0.46??0.76 logMAR (range: 0C3.0) (worth*Endothelial cell density, Coefficient of variant of cell size, Percentage of Central and hexogonality corneal FLJ34463 width by corneal specular microscopy Mean ECD in 3? weeks after intravitreal shot was significantly decrease in comparison to pre-injection and 1 statistically?month ideals in injected eye ( em p /em ?=?0.013 and em p /em ?=?0.009, respectively). There is no factor in ECD in uninjected fellow eye of individuals during follow-up (p 0.05). No factor was seen in suggest CV, Hex and CCT ideals between injected and uninjected fellow eye (all em p /em ? ?0.05) (Desk ?(Desk22). Mean difference (bias) was 3.77 cells/mm2 for ECD, ??0.41 for CV and 0.27% for Hex. One test t test demonstrated no factor between 2 measurements ( em p /em ?=?0.120 for ECD, em p /em ?=?0.451 for CV and em p /em ?=?0.718 for Hex). Limit of contract (LOA) (mean difference??1.96 x SD) values were 3.77??21.39 cells/mm2, ??0.41??12.26 and 0.27??6.85% for ECD, Percentage and CV of Hex respectively. LOA ideals showed good contract between two analyses. Intraclass relationship coefficient (ICC) worth was assessed as 0.99 for ECD, 0.93 for CV and 0.90 for Hex which recommended good dependability of measurements. Mean IOP was 14.73??3.58?mmHg before shot, 17.05??4.40?mmHg in 1?month and 17.15??6.65?mmHg in 3?weeks after intravitreal shot. Mean IOP at 1and 3?weeks after shot were statistically significantly greater than pre- shot worth ( em p /em ?=?0.002, em p /em ?=?0.003, respectively). Just 4 eye (%18) got IOP greater than 21?mmHg. All were treated with anti-glaucomatous drops succesfully. Two eye (9%) got subconjunctival hemorrhage after intravitreal shot. Based on the Zoom lens Opasification Classification Program (LOCS) 3 size, suggest cataract quality was more than doubled 3?months after intravitreal injection ( em p /em ?=?0.001). Mean LOCS 3 scale was 1.4??0.5 (range:1C2) before intravitreal injection and was increased to 2.3??1.1 (range:1C4) 3?months after intravitreal injection. Discussion Retinal vein occlusion is a common disease of retinal vasculature [10]. Macular edema is a frequent cause of visual loss in RVO patients. There are several methods available for treatment. Laser photocoagulation may decrease macular edema in BRVO patients but typically does not improve visual acuity [11]. Options for treatment of macular edema secondary to RVO have expanded in the past few years. Two types of drugs have emerged as an alternative treatment for macular edema in RVO; corticosteroids and anti-VEGF agents. Intravitreal steroid or anti-VEGF injections have been shown to effectively reduce macular edema and improve visual acuity in BRVO and CRVO patients [12, 13]. Good tolerance was observed for a 12-month period for 0.7 mgDEX implant with significantly lesser adverse effects compared to triamcinolone [14]. Sustained release DEX intravitreal implant is composed of a biodegradable copolymer of polylactic-co-glycolic acid containing micronized dexamethasone [3]. Ozurdex pharmocokinetics enable high concentrations of dexametasone BMS-650032 price release into retina and vitreous during first 3?months following injection and lower BMS-650032 price concentrations may still remain up to 6?months [15]. Ocular hypertension and cataract are two major long-term sequelae identified in large, randomized clinical trials. Case reports have shown implant migration, accidental injection into the lens, infection, BMS-650032 price posterior segment sequelae including vitreomacular traction.